In choanal atresia, the rear opening of the nose to the throat (choana) is congenitally closed by a bony or membranous plate, on one or both sides. As newborns breathe mainly through the nose, a bilateral closure can cause breathing difficulty right after birth that improves when the baby cries. A one-sided closure is often noticed later because of one-sided nasal obstruction and discharge.
Diagnosis is made by nasal endoscopy and computed tomography, which shows the type and thickness of the closure.
Treatment options
Treatment is surgical: the closure is usually opened endoscopically through the nose. Depending on the findings, a temporary stent may be placed. Regular check-ups are important, as the opening can narrow again.
