Zygomatic fractures

Diagnosis

A zygomatic fracture is a break of the cheekbone; the zygomatic arch and the adjacent walls of the eye socket are often involved as well. It most commonly results from a fall or a blow to the cheek or eye. Diagnosis is made by clinical examination, assessment of eye movement and of sensation in the cheek and upper lip, and by cross-sectional imaging, usually CT or cone-beam CT.

Symptoms

Possible signs are swelling and bruising around the eye, a palpable step in the bone at the cheek or zygomatic arch, double vision, restricted eye movement, numbness of the cheek and upper lip, and pain when chewing. A sunken cheek or an altered bite is also possible.

Treatment options

Non-displaced fractures without complaints can initially be observed medically. For displaced fractures, double vision, a sunken cheek or a disturbed bite, surgical restoration with plates and screws may be considered; access is often through the oral mucosa and, if needed, through short skin incisions. Whether and when to operate is decided medically in the individual case.