Tonsil cancer

Diagnosis

Tonsil cancer is a malignant tumour of the palatine tonsil and belongs to the tumours of the oropharynx. Possible signs include a one-sided enlarged tonsil, persistent sore throat, difficulty swallowing, pain radiating to the ear or a lump in the neck. Persistent symptoms should be assessed by a doctor.

Assessment includes mirror and endoscopic examination, ultrasound of the neck, CT or MRI and a tissue sample or tonsil removal for histological examination. The HPV status is also determined.

Causes

Risk factors are tobacco and alcohol use and infection with certain HPV types.

Treatment options

Depending on the spread, options include surgical removal through the mouth, often with neck dissection, radiotherapy or chemoradiotherapy. Treatment is planned individually and agreed on an interdisciplinary basis, with the aim of preserving swallowing and speech as well as possible. Regular follow-up then follows.